Pendidikan Islam Inklusif dalam Perspektif Maqasid Al-Syari’ah: Studi Lapangan Sekolah Dasar Islam Ramah Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di Pekanbaru
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61456/tjiec.v6i1.316Kata Kunci:
Inclusive Islamic Education, Children with Special Needs (ABK), Maqasid al-Shari'ahAbstrak
This study aims to examine in depth how the principles of Maqasid al-Shari'ah are implemented in the practice of inclusive Islamic education in Islamic Elementary Schools friendly to Children with Special Needs (ABK) in Pekanbaru City. This study uses a qualitative approach with a field study method. Data collection techniques are carried out through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with class teachers and ABK assistant teachers, school principals, and parents of students, as well as documentation of the school curriculum and programs. The total informants in this study were 12 people. The results of the study indicate that the values of Maqasid al-Shari'ah are implemented in five concrete forms of protection: Hifzh al-Dīn (protecting religion), Hifzh al-Nafs (protecting the soul), Hifzh al-‘Aql (protecting reason), Hifzh al-Nasl (protecting offspring), and Hifzh al-Māl (protecting wealth). The inclusive Islamic education implemented in the school is not merely an administrative approach, but a real representation of the implementation of maqasid syar'i in modern education. This study recommends the integration of a maqasid-based education curriculum to strengthen aspects of justice, protection, and empowerment of children with special needs in Islamic school environments.
Referensi
Auda, J. (2018). Maqasid Al-Shariah: A Beginner's Guide. ( Dr. Anas S. Al Shaikh-Ali Shiraz Khan (Ed.)). Occasional Paper Series 14: The International Institute Of Islamic Thought.
Drechsler, R., Brem, S., Walitza, S., Brandeis, D., Grünblatt, E., & Berger, G. (2020). ADHD : Current Concepts and Treatments in Children and Adolescents. Neuropediatric: Pediatricians, Neurologists, Neurosurgeons, and Neurobiologists, 51(05), 315-355.
Fitriani, D., Eq, N. A., & Suhartini, A. (2021). Teologi Pendidikan : Konsep Pendidikan dalam Prespektif Islam. Manazhim: Jurnal Manajemen dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 3(2), 201–213.
Harahap, Y. M., Islam, U., Syekh, N., Hasan, A., & Addary, A. (2025). Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di Era Digital : Peluang dan Hambatan. JISER: Journal of Islamic and Scientific Education Research, 02(0), 30–39.
Idhartono, A. R., & Hidayati, N. (2024). Dinamika Subjective Well-Being dan Resiliensi Orang Tua Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di Sekolah Inklusi. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 13(1), 417–426.
Jamal, R. (2023). Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Dan Relevansinya Dalam Konteks Kekinian. Jurnal Syar’i, 1–12.
Karomah, W., & Hariyadi, R. (2025). Islamic Education Institutions And Sustainable Inclusive Education : Challenges And Prospects. GAJIE; Global Journal of Islamic Education, 1(September), 197–209. https://doi.org/10.58518/gajie.vii24..2779
Kurniawan, E. H., & Rahmadani, R. (2025). The Imperative of Inclusive Education in Islam : An Analysis of the Rights of Children with Special Needs Through the Lens of Maqāṣ id al- Sharī ‘ ah. VRISPRAAK: International Journal of Law, 9(2), 107–116.
MARETA, M. (2022). Islam Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (I. Bafadal (ed.); 1st ed.). Mataram: CV. Sanabil.
Novrizal, N. (2025). The Policy of Inclusive Education in Indonesia. MIER : Multicultural Islamic Education Review, 02(01).
Rafah, A., Hafni, N., Dayunita, P., & Maulidya, S. (2025). Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia : Pendidikan Karakter Inklusif Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus : Analisis Responsivitas Kebijakan Publik. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia: Teori, Penelitian Dan Inovas, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.59818/jpi.v5i4.1834).https://doi.org/10.59818/jpi.v5i4.1834
Setiawan, I. D. R. (2025). Strategi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi pai melalui ruang gtk dalam kurikulum merdeka. Integratif Jurnal Magister Pendidikan Agama Islam, 7(2), 145–155.
Sheilatul Aulia., E. a. (2024). Pendidikan Berkualitas untuk Semua :Mewujudkan Hak Asasi Manusia di Bidang Pendidikan. Merdeka: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisplin, 1(5), 307–315.
Sofia, A., Fadila, N., Luxia, N., Sasmita, P., & Malang, U. N. (2025). Tantangan Pembelajaran Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di Sekolah Inklusi. JSE Lectura, 3(1), 20–25.
Syamraeni, S., Sholichah, H., & Al fajar, A. H. (2024). Transformasi Nilai Religius di Era Digital: Analisis Literatur Berdasarkan Tujuan Hifz al-‘Aql. Socio Religia, 5(2), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.24042/sr.v5i2.25552
Uyun, K., Astuti, R. D., Ningsih, T. W., & Nofridayana, K. (2024). Pengelolaan Pembelajaran Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus pada Kelas Inklusi. BERSATU: Jurnal Pendidikan Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, 2(3).
Wahyudi, F. (2023). Pendidikan Inklusif di Indonesia Perspektif Maqashid Syariah. JDSR: Journal of Dissability Studies and Research, 2(2), 12–23.
Widhiarti, F. N., & Chasanah, C. (2024). Efektivitas Pelaksanaan Pendidikan Inklusi terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus di SD Negeri 1 Bocor. socil, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series, 7(3), 572–579.
Irawati, Winario, M. (2020). Urgensi Pendidikan Multikultural , Pendidikan Segregasi dan Pendidikan Inklusi di Indonesia. IDJ: Instructional Development Journal, 3(3).
Wardan, K. (2025). The Dynamics Of Inclusive Education In Islamic Schools : A Study From The Perspective Of Islamic Education. EDUCATIO : Journal Of Education, 9(2).
Wijayanti, K., Liftiah, L., & Budiyono, B. (2025). Assessing Inclusive Education in Elementary Schools : Insight from the Merdeka Curriculum. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17, 2537–2549. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i2.6417
Winario, M. (2020). Urgensi Pendidikan Multikultural , Pendidikan Segregasi dan Pendidikan Inklusi di Indonesia.
Nasution, K. (2007). Pengantar Studi Islam. Yogyakarta: Academia dan Tazzafa.
Paryadi, P. (2021). Maqashid Syariah: Definisi dan Pendapat Para Ulama. Cross-Border, 4(2).
Rusmono, D. O. (2020). Optimalisasi Pendidikan Inklusi di Sekolah: Literature Review. Kelola: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 7(2).
Setiawan, E., & Apsari, N. C. (2019). Pendidikan Inklusif: Upaya Mewujudkan Kesetaraan dan Non Diskriminatif di Bidang Pendidikan bagi Anak Dengan Disabilitas (Add). Sosio Informa: Kajian Permasalahan Sosial dan Usaha Kesejahteraan Sosial, 5(3).
Sujana, I. W. C. (2019). Fungsi dan Tujuan Pendidikan Indonesia. Adi Widya: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 4(1).
Tanjung, R., Supriani, Y., Arifudin, O., & Ulfah. (2022). Manajemen Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Inklusi pada Lembaga Pendidikan Islam. JIIP -Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan. 5(1).
Yudi, Y. G. (2021). Pendidikan Islam sebagai Instrumen Maqashid Al Syariah (Studi Pemikiran Syekh Sulaiman Ar-Rasuli). Diniyyah, 8(02)
Syamraeni, S., Sholichah, H., & Al fajar, A. H. (2024). Transformasi Nilai Religius di Era Digital: Analisis Literatur Berdasarkan Tujuan Hifz al-‘Aql. Socio Religia, 5(2), 93–109. https://doi.org/10.24042/sr.v5i2.25552.
